Glossary
Abrasion Resistance
The resistance to scratching of a surface of paper by other paper surfaces or other materials.
Accordion Fold
A type of paper folding in which each fold runs in the opposite direction to the previous fold creating a pleated or accordion affect.
Acetate
A transparent or translucent plastic sheet material of a variety of colors, used as a basis for artwork and overlays.
Additive Colors
In photographic reproduction, the primary colors of red, green and blue which are mixed to form all other colors.
Ascender
Any part of a lower case letter which rises above the main body of the letter such as in "d", "b" and "h".
Author's Alterations (AA's)
Changes made after composition stage where customer is responsible for additional charges.
Back To Back
Print applied to both sides of a sheet of paper.
Background
That portion of a photograph or line art drawing that appears furthest from the eye; the surface upon which the main image is superimposed.
Balance
A term used to describe the aesthetic or harmony of elements, whether they are photos, art or copy, within a layout or design.
Balloon
In an illustration, any line which encircles copy, or dialogue.
Banner
The primary headline usually spanning the entire width of a page.
Basis Weight
Basis or basic weight refers to the weight, in pounds, of a ream (500 sheets) of paper cut to a given standard size for that particular paper grade.
BF
An abbreviation for boldface, used to determine where boldface copy is to be used. Reference, boldface.
Binding
Various methods of securing folded sections together and or fastening them to a cover, to form single copies of a book.
Bleed
Extra ink area that crosses trim line, used to allow for variations that occur when the reproduction is trimmed or die-cut.
Blow-up
Any enlargement of photos, copies or line art.
Blue-Line
Photographic proof made from flats for checking accuracy, layout and imposition before plates are made. Also known as a dylux.
Body Size
The point size of a particular type character.
Boiler Plate
Repetitive blocks of type that are picked up and included routinely without recreating them.
Boldface
Any type that has a heavier black stroke that makes it more conspicuous.
Bond
A grade of durable writing, printing and typing paper that has a standard size of 17x22 inches.
Book
A general classification to describe papers used to print books; its standard size is 25x38 inches. A printed work which contains more than 64 pages.
Break For Color
In layout design, the term for dividing or separating the art and copy elements into single color paste-up sheets.
Bristol Board
A board paper of various thickness; having a smooth finish and used for printing and drawing.
Brochure
A pamphlet that is bound in booklet form.
Bullet
A boldface square or dot used before a sentence to emphasize its importance.
Burnish
A term used for the process of "rubbing down" lines and dots on a printing plate, which darkens those rubbed areas.
Burnishing
Creating a polished finish on paper by rubbing with stone or hand smoothing a surface.
Caliper
The measurement of thickness of paper expressed in thousandths of an inch or mils.
Caps & Lower Case
Instructions in the typesetting process that indicate the use of a capital letter to start a sentence and the rest of the letters in lower case.
Caps & Small Caps
Two sizes of capital letters made in one size of type.
Cast Coated
A paper that is coated and then pressure dried using a polished roller which imparts an enamel like hard gloss finish.
Coated Stock
Any paper that has a mineral coating applied after the paper is made, giving the paper a smoother finish.
Cold Color
Any color that moves toward the blue side in the color spectrum.
Collate
To gather sheets or signatures together in their correct order. (see Gather)
Color Bars
This term refers to a color test strip, which is printed on the waste portion of a press sheet. It is a standardized (GATF-Graphic Arts Technical Foundation) process which allows a pressman to determine the quality of the printed material relative to ink density, registration, and dot gain. It also includes the Star Target, which is a similar system designed to detect inking problems.
Color Separating
The processes of separating the primary color components for printing.
Color Strength
A term referring to the relative amount of pigmentation in an ink.
Color Transparency
Transparent film containing a positive photographic color image.
Column Gutter
Space between two or more columns of type on one page.
Composition
The assembly of characters into words, lines and paragraphs of text or body matter for reproduction by printing.
Contact Print
A print made from contact of a sensitive surface to a negative or positive photograph.
Contact Screen
A halftone screen made on film of graded density, and used in a vacuum contact with the film.
Continuous Tone
Image made of non-discernable picture elements which give appearance of continuous spectrum of grey values or tones.
Contrast
The degree of tonal separation or gradation in the range from black to white.
Copy
Refers to any typewritten material, art, photos etc., to be used for the printing process.
Corner Marks
Marks on a final printed sheet that indicate the trim lines or register indicators.
Cover
A term describing a general type of papers used for the covers of books, pamphlets etc.
Cracking
Delamination.
Crop
To eliminate a portion of the art or copy as indicated by crop marks.
Crop Mark
Markings at edges of original or on guide sheet to indicate the area desired in reproduction with negative or plate trimmed (cropped) at the markings.
Crossmarks
Marks of fine lines, which intersect to indicate accurate alignment of art elements.
Curl
Not lying flat and tending to form into cylindrical or wavy shapes. A term to describe the differences of either side of a sheet relative to coatings, absorbency etc.; the concave side is the curl side.
Cutter
Machine for accurately cutting stacks of paper to desired dimensions...can also be used to crease. Also trims out final bound books' top size (soft cover).
Cutting Die
Sharp edged device, usually made of steel, to cut paper, cardboard, etc., on a printing press.
Cyan
A shade of blue used in the four-color process; it reflects blue and green and absorbs red.
Deckle Edge
The rough or feathered edge of paper when left untrimmed.
Deep Etching
The etching or removal of any unwanted areas of a plate to create more air or white space on the finished product.
Delete
An instruction given to remove an element from a layout.
Demy
A term that describes a standard sized printing paper measuring 17.5 x 22.5 in.
Densitometer
An optical device used by printers and photographers to measure and control the density of color.
Density
The degree of tone, weight of darkness or color within a photo or reproduction; measurable by the densitometer. Reference, densitometer.
Descender
A term that describes that portion of lower case letters which extends below the main body of the letter, as in "p".
Die
Design, letters or shapes, cut into metal (mostly brass) for stamping book covers or embossing. An engraved stamp used for impressing an image or design.
Die Cutting
A method of using sharp steel ruled stamps or rollers to cut various shapes i.e. labels, boxes, image shapes, either post press or in line. The process of cutting paper in a shape or design by the use of a wooden die or block in which are positioned steel rules in the shape of the desired pattern.
Die Stamping
An intaglio process for printing from images engraved into copper or steel plates.
Digital Proof
Color separation data is digitally stored and then exposed to color photographic paper creating a picture of the final product before it is actually printed.
Dimensional Stability
The qualities of paper to stabilize its original size when undergoing pressure or exposed to moisture.
Display Type
Any type that stands out from the rest of the type on a page which attracts attention of the reader.
Dog Ear
Occurs when you fold into a fold (such as a letter fold). At the side of one of the creases you get an indentation. It may look like a small inverted triangle.
Dot
The smallest individual element of a halftone.
Dot Gain
Darkening of halftone image due to ink absorption in paper causing halftone dots to enlarge. Terms to describe the occurrence whereby dots are printing larger than they should.
Draw-down
A method used by ink makers to determine the color, quality and tone of ink. It entails the drawing of a spatula over a drop of ink, spreading it flat over the paper.
Drier
A term that describes any additives to ink which encourages the drying process.
Drill
The actual drilling of holes into paper for ring or comb binding.
Drop Folio
Page number printed at foot of page.
Drop Shadow
A shadow image placed strategically behind an image to create the affect of the image lifting off the page.
Dry Mount
Pasting with heat sensitive adhesives.
Dry Offset
Process in which a metal plate is etched to a depth of 0.15 mm (0.006 in), making a right-reading relief plate, printed on the offset blanket and then to the paper without the use of water.
Dull Finish
Any matte finished paper.
Duotone
Color reproduction from monochrome original. Keyplate usually printed in dark color for detail, second plate printed in light flat tints. A two-color halftone reproduction generated from a one-color photo.
Duplex Paper
Paper which has a different color or finish on each side.
Dutch
Any deckle edged paper, originally produced in the Netherlands. Reference, deckle edge
Dye-Based Ink
Any ink that acquires its color by the use of aniline pigments or dyes. Reference, aniline
Eggshell Finish
The finish of paper surface that resembles an eggshell achieved by omitting the calendar process. Reference, calendar rolls.
Electronic Composition
The assembly of characters into words, lines and paragraphs of text or body matter with graphic elements in page layout form in digital format for reproduction by printing.
Electronic Proof
A process of generating a prepress proof in which paper is electronically exposed to the color separation negatives; the paper is passed through the electrically charged pigmented toners, which adhere electrostatically, resulting in the finished proof.
Embossed
A method of paper finishing whereby a pattern is pressed into the paper when it is dry.
Embossing
To raise in relief a design or letters already printed on card stock or heavy paper by an uninked block or die. In rubber and plastic plate making the process is usually done by heat.
Emulsion
A light sensitive substance used as a coating for film; made from a silver halide compound. This side should face the lens when the film is exposed.
Enamel
A term that describes a glossy coating on paper.
English Finish
A grade of uncoated book paper with a smooth uniform surface.
Engraving
A printing process whereby images such as copy or art are etched onto a plate. When ink is applied, these etched areas act as small wells to hold the ink; paper is forced against this die and the ink is lifted out of the etched areas creating raised images on the paper.
Estimate
The form used by the printer to calculate the project for the print buyer. This form contains the basic parameters of the project including size, quantity, colors, bleeds, photos etc.
Etch
The process of producing an image on a plate by the use of acid.
Even Smalls
The use of smaller sized capitals at the beginning of a sentence without the use of larger sized caps.
Expanded Type
Type with width greater than normal producing a rectangular effect.
Exposure
That stage of the photographic process where the image is produced on the light sensitive coating.
Fan Fold
Paper folding that emulates an accordion or fan, the folds being alternating and parallel.
Fat Face
Type that is quite varied in its use of very thin and very wide strokes.
Filling In
A fault in printing where the ink fills in the fine line or halftone dot areas.
Finish
The surface quality of paper.
Finish (Paper)
Dull - (low gloss) also matte or matte gloss.
Fist
A symbol used in printing to indicate the index; seen as a pointing finger on a hand "+".
Flash Point
A term given to the lowest temperature of ignitibility of vapors given off by a substance.
Fluid Ink
Also called liquid ink; ink with a low viscosity.
Foils
Papers that have a surface resembling metal.
Fold Marks
Markings at top edges that show where folds should occur.
Folder
Machine used to fold signatures down into sections.
Folio or Page Number
Number of page at top or bottom either centered, flushed left or flushed right often with running headline.
Font
The characters which make up a complete typeface and size.
Free sheet
Any paper that is free from wood pulp impurities.
French Fold(er)
Folder with printing on one side so that when folded once in each direction, the printing on outside of the folds.
Galley
(old) flat oblong tray into which composed type matter is put and kept until made up into pages in the forme. Also a similar tray on a slug composing machine which receives the slugs as they are ejected. Also a long column of composed text matter
Galley Proof
A proof of text copy before it is pasted into position for printing.
Gang
Group of frames or impositions in the same forme of different jobs arranged and positioned to be printed together.
Ganging
The bundling of two or more different printing projects on the same sheet of paper.
Gather
To assemble or collect sections into single copies of complete books for binding.
Gathering
Assembling sheets of paper and signatures into their proper sequence; collating.
Ghosting
Marring a print by the placement of an image of work printed on the reverse side which has interfered with its drying so that differences in the trapping frame colors or glass variations are apparent.
Gilding
Sticking on gold leaf to edges of books with a liquid agent and made permanent with burnishing tools.
Glassine
A strong transparent paper.
Gloss Ink
Quick drying oil based inks with low penetration qualities, used on coated stock.
Glyphic
A carved as opposed to scripted typeface.
Goldenrod
An orange colored paper with gridlines, used to assemble materials for exposure for platemaking.
Graduated Screen
An area of image where halftone dots range continuously from one density to another.
Grain
Direction of fibers in a sheet of paper governing paper properties such as increased size changes with relative humidity, across the grain, and better folding properties along the grain.
Grained Paper
A paper embossed to resemble various textures, such as leather, alligator, wood, etc.
Gutter
Space between pages in the printing frame of a book, or inside margin towards the back or binding edge. The blank space or margin between the type page and the binding of a book.
Hairline register
Printing registration that lies within the range of plus or minus one half row of dots. It is the thinnest of the standard printers' rules.
Halftone
Tone graduated image composed of varying sized dots or lines, with equidistant centers.
Halftone Paper
A high finish paper that is ideal for halftone printing.
Halftone Screen
A sheet of film or glass containing ruled right-angled lines, used to translate the full tone of a photo to the halftone dot image required for printing.
Hard Dot
The effect in a photograph where a dot has such a small degree of halation that the dot shows quite sharp.
Head Margin
That space which lies between the top of the printed copy and the trimmed edge.
Hickies
Imperfections in presswork due to dirt on press, trapping errors, etc.
Highlights
The lightest tones of a photo, printed halftone or illustration. In the finished halftone, these highlights are represented by the finest dots.
Image Area
That portion of the printing plate that carries the ink and prints on paper.
Imposition
Arrangement of pages so that they print correctly on a press sheet, and the pages are in proper order when the sheets are folded.
Impression
Product resulting from one cycle of printing machine. The pressure of the image carrier, whether it be the type, plate or blanket, when it contacts the paper.
Index Bristol
A relatively thick paper stock; basis size - 25 1/2 x 30 1/2.
Indicia
Markings pre-printed on mailing envelopes to replace the stamp.
Industrial Papers
A term used to denote papers such as janitorial, sanitary or heavy packing papers.
Ink Holdout
A quality of paper to be resistant to ink absorption, allowing the ink to dry on the paper surface.
Ink Setting
The inertial resistance to flow that occurs to ink as soon as it is printed.
Inserts
Extra printed pages inserted loosely into printed pieces.
Integral Proof
A proof made by exposing each of the four-color separations to an emulsion layer of primary colors. These emulsion sheets are stacked in register with a white sheet of paper in the background. Types of integral proofs are cromalin, matchprint, ektaflex, and spactraproof.
Interleaves
Extra blank pages inserted loosely into book after printing.
Iridescent Paper
A coated stock finished in mother-of-pearl.
Italic
Text that is used to denote emphasis by slanting the type body forward.
Jacket
The paper cover sometimes called the "dust cover" of a hardbound book.
Job Number
A number assigned to a printing project used for record keeping and job tracking. Also used to retrieve old jobs for reprints or reworking by customer.
Jog
To vibrate a stack of finished pages so that they are tightly aligned for final trimming.
Jogger
Vibrating, sloping platform that evens up the edges of stacks of paper.
Kerning
The narrowing of space between two letters so that they become closer and take up less space on the page.
Kraft
A coarse unbleached paper used for printing and industrial products.
Lacquer
A clear gloss coating applied to printed material for strength, appearance and protection.
Laid Finish
A parallel lined paper that has a handmade look.
Laser Engraving
A paper cutting technique whereby laser technology is utilized to cut away certain unmasked areas of the paper. The cutting is a result of the exposure of the paper to the laser ray, which actually evaporates the paper.
Layout
A rendition that shows the placement of all the elements, roughs, thumbnails etc., of the final printed piece before it goes to print.
Leaders
The dots or dashes used in type to guide the eye from one set of type to the next.
Leading
Space between lines of type; the distance in points between one baseline and the next.
Leaf
One of a number of folds (each containing two pages) which comprises a book or manuscript.
Leaf Stamping
A metal die, either (flat, or embossed), created from the image or copy, which is then heated to a specific temperature which allows the transfer of a film of pigmented polyester to the paper.
Length
The optimum length of a filament of ink.
Letterpress
Printing that utilizes inked raised surfaces to create the image.
Letterspacing
The addition of space between typeset letters.
Line Copy
Any copy that can be reproduced without the use of halftone screens.
Linen
A paper that emulates the look and texture of linen cloth.
Lithocoated Paper
A paper that is coated with a special water-resistant material which is able to withstand the lithographic process.
Lithography
The process of printing that utilizes flat inked surfaces to create the printed images.
Logotype
A personalized type or design symbol for a company or product.
M weight
The actual weight of 1000 sheets of any given size of paper.
Machine Coated
Paper that has had a coating applied to either one or two of its sides during the papermaking process.
Machine Direction
An alternate term for grain direction.
Machine Finish
A paper finish that results from the interaction of the paper with the Fourdrinier process as opposed to post machine embossing. Reference, Fourdrinier
Magnetic Black
Black pigments containing black iron oxides, used for magnetic ink character recognition.
Margin
Imprinted space around edge of page.
Mark-up
To write up instructions, as on a dummy.
Match Print
Photographic proof made from all color flats and form composite proof showing color quality as well as accuracy, layout, and imposition before plates are made.
Matte Finish
A coated paper finish that goes through minimal calendaring. Reference, calendaring.
Metropolitan Service Area
A group of ZIP codes usually in close proximity defining a large metropolitan area (e.g. New York City or Los Angeles).
Moire
An undesirable halftone pattern produced by the incorrect angles of overprinting halftone screens.
Mottle
A term used to describe spotty or uneven ink absorption.
Natural
A term to describe papers that have a color similar to that of wood; also called cream, off-white or ivory.
Negative
Film that contains the same images as the original print, except that all colors and shades are reversed. Reference, positive.
Newsprint
A light, low cost groundwood paper made especially for newspapers. Reference, groundwood.
Nominal Weight
When the basis weight of paper differs from the actual weight, the term nominal weight is used.
Oblong
A term used to describe printed books, catalogs etc., that are bound on their shorter side; also referred to as album bound.
Offset
The most commonly used printing method, whereby the printed material does not receive the ink directly from the printing plate but from an intermediary cylinder called a blanket which receives the ink from the plate and transfers it to the paper.
Offset Lithography
Indirect printing method in which the inked image on the press-plate is first printed onto a rubber blanket, then in turn offsets the inked impression on to the sheet of paper.
Offset Paper
A term for uncoated book paper.
Onionskin
A light bond paper used for typing and used with carbon paper because of its thinness.
Opacity
Quality of papers that defines its opaqueness or ability to prevent two-sided printing from showing through.
Opaque
A quality of paper that allows relatively little light to pass through.
Opaque Ink
Ink that completely covers any ink under itself.
Over Run
Surplus of copies printed.
Overlay
A transparent sheet placed over artwork, in register with the work it covers; this is used to call out other color components of the work, instructions or corrections.
Overlay Proof
A process of proof making whereby the color separations are individually exposed to light sensitive film. This film is then set in registration with a piece of white paper in the background.
Overprinting
Any printing that is done on an area that has already been printed.
Parchment
A hard finished paper that emulates animal skin; used for documents, such as awards, that require writing by hand.
Peeling
Delamination.
Perf Marks
Markings usually dotted lines at edges showing where perforations should occur.
Perfect
A term used to describe the binding process where the signatures of a book are held together by a flexible adhesive.
Perfect Binding
Binding process where backs of sections are cut off, roughened and glued together, and rung in a cover.
Perfecting
Printing both sides of the paper (or other material) on the same pass through the printing machine.
Perfecting Press
A printing press that prints on both sides of the page in a single pass.
Perforating
Punching small holes or slits in a sheet of paper or cardboard to facilitate tearing along a desired line.
Photoengraving
Making printing plates by exposure of line and halftone negatives on sensitized metal, converting the image into an acid resist, and etching the print to the relief required for letterpress printing.
Photomechanical
The platemaking process where plates are coated with photosensitive coatings and exposed to photo negatives or positives.
Photostat
A photographic print creating an image using photography and electrostatic processes; also called a stat.
Pica
Standard of measurement, 1/6 inch. 1 pica = 12 points;72 points = 1 inch
Picking (1)
When the tack of ink is stronger than the surface strength of the paper, some lifting of the paper surface occurs; this is referred to as picking.
Picking (2)
An occurrence in printing whereby the tack of ink pulls fibers or coating off the paper surface, leaving spots on the printed surface.
Piling
A build up of pigment or paper coatings onto the plate, blankets or rollers.
Plastic Comb
A method of binding books whereby holes are drilled on the side closest the spine, and a plastic grasping device is inserted to hold the pages together.
Plasticizer
An ink additive that adds flexibility, softness and adhesion.
Plate
Reproduction of type or cuts in metal, plastic, rubber, or other material, to form a plate bearing a relief, planographic or intaglio printing surface.
Platemaking
Making a printing plate from a film or flat including preparation of the plate surface, sensitizing, exposing through the flat, developing or processing, and finishing.
Point
A measurement unit equal to 1/72 of an inch. 12 points to a pica, 72 points to an inch.
Positive
Film that contains an image with the same tonal values as the original; opposite of a negative.
Ppi
Pixels per inch.
Premium
Any paper that is considered better than #1 by its manufacturer.
Press-Proof
Actual press sheet to show image, tone values and colors as well as imposition of frame or press-plate.
Primary Colors
In printing the four primary colors are cyan (blue), magenta (red), yellow and black.
Printability
The quality of papers to show reproduced printed images.
Process Inks
Printing inks, usually in sets of four colors. The most frequent combination is yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, which are printed, one over another in that order, to obtain a colored print with the desired hues, whites, blacks, and grays.
Process Printing
Printing from two or more half tones to produce intermediate colors and shades.
Progressive Proofs
Any proofs made from the separate plates of a multi-plate-printing project.
Proof
Impression from composed type or blocks, taken for checking and correction, from a lithographic plate to check accuracy of layout, type matter, tone and color reproduction.
Pull For Position
Guide sheet for the positioning of type, blocks, etc.
Rag paper
Papers with a complete or partial content of cotton fibers.
Ragged Left
The term given to right-justified type that is uneven on the left.
Ragged Right
The term given to left-justified type that is uneven on the right.
Railroad Board
A thick, coated paper used for signs; usually waterproof.
Readers Pairs
Two consecutive pages as they appear in printed piece.
Ream
500 sheets of paper.
Register
The arrangement of two or more images in exact alignment with each other.
Register Marks
Any crossmarks or other symbols used on layout to assure proper registration.
Right Angle Fold
A term that denotes folds that are 90 degrees to each other.
Roll To Roll
A web press printing process where the roll of paper is printed and stored on a roll to be shipped.
Saddle Stitching
Stitching where the wire staples pass through the spine from the outside and are clinched in the center. Only used with folded sections, either single sections or two or more sections inset to form a single section.
Safety Paper
A paper that shows sign of erasure so that it cannot be altered or tampered with easily.
Satin Finish
A smooth delicately embossed finished paper with sheen.
Scaling
The enlargement or reduction of an image or copy to fit a specific area.
Score
Impressions or cuts in flat material to facilitate bending or tearing.
Screen Angles
The placement of halftone screens to avoid unwanted moire patterns. Frequently used angles are black 45deg, magenta 75deg, yellow 90deg, and cyan 105deg.
Screen Ruling
A measurement equaling the number of lines or dots per inch on a halftone screen.
Screened Print
A photo print made by using a halftone negative; also called a velox.
Self Cover
A cover made out of the same paper stock as the internal sheets.
Sharpen
To decrease the dot size of the halftone which in turn decreases the color strength.
Show Through
A problem that occurs when the printing on one side of a sheet is seen from the other side.
Side Stitching
Stitching where the wire staples pass through the pile of sections or leaves gathered upon each other and are clinched on the underside.
Signature (Section)
Printed sheet (or its flat) that consists of a number of pages of a book, placed so that they will fold and bind together as a section of a book. The printed sheet after folding.
Slitting
A term to describe the process of cutting of printed sheets by the cutting wheels of a printing press.
Smoothness
That quality of paper defined by its levelness which allows for pressure consistency in printing, assuring uniformity of print.
Spine
Back edge of a book.
Spiral Bind
A binding whereby a wire or plastic is spiraled through holes punched along the binding side.
Spot Color
Small area printed in a second color.
Step And Repeat
A process of generating multiple exposures by taking an image and stepping it according to a predetermined layout.
Stet
A proofreader's symbol that is usually written in the copy margin, that indicates that the copy, which was marked for correction, should be left as it was.
Stock
A term for unprinted paper or other material to be printed.
Synthetic Papers
Any petroleum based waterproof papers with a high tensile strength.
Tack
The adhesive quality of inks.
Tag
A dense, strong paper stock.
Tensile Strength
A paper's ability to withstand pressure.
Text
A high quality printing paper.
Tint
A halftone screen that contains all the same sized dots.
Tooth
The rough surfaced finish of papers such as vellum or antique.
Transparent
Inks that do not block out the colored inks that they print over, but instead blend with them to create intermediate colors.
Trapping
The process of printing wet ink over printed ink which may be wet or dry.
Trim Marks
Marks placed on the sheet to indicate where to cut the page.
Twin Wire Machine
Fourdrinier papermaking machines with two wires, instead of a wire and felt side. This assures higher quality when two sides are used for printing.
Uncalendared
Papers that are not smoothed by going through the calendaring process.
Up
A term used to describe how many similar sheets can be produced on a larger sheet; two up, four up, etc.
Upright
A term given to books bound on the longer dimension.
Varnish
A clear shiny ink used to add gloss to printed pieces. The primary component of the ink vehicle. Reference, vehicle.
Vellum
A finish of paper that is rough, bulky and has a degree of tooth.
Velour Paper
A term given to papers that are coated with an adhesive and then flock dusted.
Velox
A photographic print which is made from a negative.
Vignette
Fade to white or small decorative design or illustration. A photo or illustration etc., in which the tones fade gradually away until they blend with the surface they are printed on.
Watermark
A translucent logo that is embossed during the papermaking process while the paper slurry is on the dandy roll. Reference, dandy roll
Widow
A single word or two left at the end of a paragraph, or a part of a sentence ending a paragraph, which loops over to the next page and stands alone. Also, the last sentence of a paragraph which contains only one or two short words.
Wire Stitching Or Stapling
To fasten together sheets, signatures, or sections with wire staples. 3 methods... saddle stitching, side stitching, and stabbing.
Writing Paper
Another name for bond paper.
Xerographic Paper
Papers made to reproduce well in copy machines and laser printers.